Findings from the survey for people who make websites, 2008

Sticking With It

Longevity and happiness. Of gender and title, salary and satisfaction.

Longevity in current job by number of years in the field for corporate workers

Less than a year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years 10 years (or more) Not applicable Total
Less than a year 16.5%6.0%11.2%11.4%8.9%8.1%5.4%5.5%8.1%4.2%14.1%0.6%100.0%
1 year 0.7%21.2%12.8%12.0%8.8%8.8%4.9%4.9%6.8%4.7%13.7%0.6%100.0%
2 years 0.6%0.9%26.9%11.6%10.3%9.5%5.6%5.7%8.1%4.6%15.4%0.8%100.0%
3 years 0.8%1.1%2.3%29.8%9.1%10.0%5.9%5.7%10.5%5.3%18.3%1.2%100.0%
4 years 0.7%0.6%1.6%3.1%28.0%10.4%6.9%7.0%12.8%6.4%21.5%0.9%100.0%
5 years 0.1%1.4%1.5%3.5%2.4%30.5%8.3%9.4%9.7%6.3%25.1%1.7%100.0%
6 years 0.2%0.5%0.7%2.1%2.5%3.7%29.6%8.4%14.8%8.2%27.6%1.6%100.0%
7 years 0.0%0.6%1.4%1.6%1.4%2.8%2.4%33.9%11.6%9.8%33.3%1.4%100.0%
8 years 0.2%1.0%0.5%1.5%1.0%4.6%2.1%2.2%41.7%10.2%33.9%1.0%100.0%
9 years 0.0%1.0%1.3%1.6%2.0%4.6%1.0%4.6%3.9%39.0%38.7%2.3%100.0%
10 years (or more) 0.3%0.3%1.3%1.6%1.8%3.5%2.6%4.2%7.3%3.2%71.3%2.6%100.0%
Not applicable 8.7%5.8%9.6%13.5%7.7%8.7%3.8%3.8%6.7%4.8%12.5%14.4%100.0%
Overall 4.8%5.8%11.1%11.3%9.1%9.2%6.0%6.3%9.7%5.7%20.1%1.0%100.0%

For “corporates” (i.e., partners or employees), on longevity in current job and as a web professional, the following patterns emerge:

Longevity in current job by number of years in the field for freelancers

Less than a year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years 10 years (or more) Not applicable Total
Less than a year 32.4%8.3%8.6%9.7%5.1%6.4%3.9%3.9%5.3%2.9%9.0%4.5%100.0%
1 year 2.4%34.9%12.9%9.4%6.7%7.7%3.5%2.5%5.0%2.5%8.1%4.3%100.0%
2 years 2.3%3.2%44.0%10.3%6.3%7.5%4.6%3.4%4.9%2.0%8.2%3.4%100.0%
3 years 1.8%1.9%3.7%43.8%8.4%8.2%4.2%3.7%6.8%2.6%10.9%4.0%100.0%
4 years 0.9%1.6%4.4%3.5%44.6%8.4%5.5%6.5%6.6%4.4%10.7%2.8%100.0%
5 years 1.4%1.3%3.4%3.8%1.9%44.2%4.0%6.2%8.5%4.4%17.4%3.3%100.0%
6 years 1.0%0.6%1.3%3.8%2.7%3.1%41.9%5.0%12.7%5.4%18.8%3.7%100.0%
7 years 1.1%0.5%1.4%2.2%3.0%2.4%2.4%40.4%6.5%7.0%30.9%2.2%100.0%
8 years 0.5%0.7%1.2%2.4%2.4%3.4%2.2%1.9%53.5%3.8%25.2%2.9%100.0%
9 years 2.3%0.6%0.0%1.8%1.8%1.2%0.0%1.2%4.1%56.7%28.1%2.3%100.0%
10 years (or more) 1.1%1.6%2.5%2.7%1.8%5.1%3.2%3.1%4.1%3.6%68.6%2.5%100.0%
Not applicable 7.3%4.8%6.9%7.7%4.0%4.8%2.5%1.7%2.2%1.2%5.3%51.7%100.0%
Overall 5.5%5.9%10.7%10.5%8.0%9.4%5.7%5.0%7.7%4.1%18.6%8.8%100.0%

For freelancers, on longevity in current job and as a web professional (table 4.1b), the following patterns emerge:

Longevity in the field by organization type

Less than a year 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years 10 years (or more) Not applicable Total
partner in a large company or organization. 4.9%4.7%8.6%11.4%7.2%10.7%5.8%7.2%11.7%5.1%21.4%1.4%100.0%
partner in a small business. 3.9%4.6%9.6%8.9%8.2%8.9%6.3%7.2%9.8%6.2%25.6%0.9%100.0%
employee of a company, university, library, museum, nonprofit, or other organization. 4.9%6.0%11.4%11.6%9.3%9.2%5.9%6.2%9.6%5.6%19.2%1.0%100.0%
independent contractor/freelancer or owner of my own small business. 4.5%5.7%10.5%10.7%8.3%10.4%6.4%5.8%9.0%5.0%22.1%1.6%100.0%
Student, hobbyist, volunteer, or other uncompensated role. 9.1%6.8%11.4%9.8%7.2%5.8%3.2%2.2%2.9%0.9%6.3%34.4%100.0%
Overall 5.1%5.8%11.0%11.0%8.8%9.3%5.9%5.9%9.0%5.1%19.6%3.7%100.0%

For all categories of “careerists” (partners, employees, and freelancers), approximately 10% have been in the field for less than two years, while approximately 60% have been in the field for five years or more. The hobbyists/students are much less experienced: over 15% have been in the field for less than two years, and just over 20% for five years or more.

Next career move by gender

Attend a conference/take classes/other educational activity

26.6%

73.4%

Begin (or expand) my professional writing or speaking

22.2%

77.8%

Learn a new skill

20.1%

79.9%

Leave the profession

19.1%

80.9%

Change area of specialization

17.7%

82.3%

New job in a new organization

17.4%

82.6%

Stay where I am

16.9%

83.1%

Get a promotion at my current job

16.2%

83.8%

Get my first job in the field

15.1%

84.9%

Start pitching a better class of client

11.7%

88.3%

Find a partner whose skills complement mine

10.1%

89.9%

Start my own business

9.5%

90.5%

Other

19.0%

81.0%

Overall

16.3%

83.7%

Female Male

Women are 16.3% of the sample answering this question, but are more likely than the sample as a whole to: attend a conference (26.6%), begin or expand professional writing or speaking (22.2%), learn a new skill (20.1%), or leave the profession (19.1%). Women are less likely than the sample as a whole to: start pitching a better class of clients (11.7%), find a partner with complementary skills (10.1%), or start their own business (9.5%).

Satisfaction and inferred satisfaction

In the 2007 report, we used the following data to infer job satisfaction:

By applying last year’s methodology to this year’s sample, and comparing the results with respondents’ explicit indication of their level of job satisfaction, we found that last year’s definition is not that effective, in that it significantly over-counts unsatisfied. That is to say, by last year’s methodology, 51.5% of the 2008 respodents would be counted satisfied, compared to the 70.7% who indicated they are at least somewhat satisfied. In addition, 25.9% of the entire 2008 sample would have been characterized as unsatisfied by the 2007 methodology, but identified themselves as at least somewhat satisfied.

This suggests that the decision to stay in a workplace might be resignation to an unsatisfying situation, and the decision to leave may not be dissatisfaction, but simply a desire for a change. The analysis of job satisfaction below uses only the self-indicated level of satisfaction, and the quantifier we use is the percentage of those who responded either “very satisfied” or “somewhat satisfied.” Because of the problems with the 2007 measure of satisfaction, we don’t offer any comparisons with last year’s findings in this area.

Satisfaction by age range

18 and under

66.3%

24.1%

9.6%

19-29

70.4%

14.6%

15.0%

30-44

71.3%

12.7%

16.0%

45-64

69.3%

13.4%

17.3%

65 and over

80.0%

14.5%

5.5%

Overall

70.7%

13.9%

15.4%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

All categories of age are satisfied in approximately the same percentages as the sample as a whole, except for those 65 years and older, who are more satisfied (80.0%).

Satisfaction by gender

Very satisfied

16.5%

83.5%

Somewhat satisfied

15.7%

84.3%

Neutral

15.0%

85.0%

Somewhat dissatisfied

17.4%

82.6%

Very dissatisfied

21.8%

78.2%

Overall

16.3%

83.7%

Female Male

Men and women appear to be equally satisfied with their current work situations.

Satisfaction by geographic region

Africa

72.6%

12.3%

15.1%

Asia

63.2%

22.5%

14.3%

Europe

68.8%

15.7%

15.5%

North and Central America

72.5%

12.2%

15.3%

Oceania

71.0%

12.7%

16.4%

South America

61.6%

18.0%

20.3%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Satisfaction is lower in Asia and South America, and at or near percentage for the sample as a whole in the other regions; Africa being the highest at 72.6%.

Satisfaction by education level

Grade/primary school

65.1%

20.8%

14.0%

High/secondary school

66.6%

17.4%

16.0%

Some college or university

69.6%

15.3%

15.1%

College diploma, associate’s, bachelor’s, or other degree

71.5%

12.7%

15.8%

Master’s degree

72.0%

13.2%

14.8%

Doctorate

73.0%

13.0%

14.0%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Satisfaction rises with educational attainment, from a low of 65.1% for those with a grade school education, to a high of 73.0% for those with a doctorate.

Satisfaction by organization type

Partner in a small business

79.3%

9.6%

11.1%

Independent contractor/freelancer or owner of my own small business

72.1%

15.1%

12.8%

Employee of a company, university, library, museum, nonprofit, or other organization

71.4%

11.9%

16.7%

Partner in a large company or organization

70.5%

14.8%

14.6%

Student, hobbyist, volunteer, or other uncompensated role

49.8%

29.5%

20.6%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Partners in small firms are most satisfied (79.3%), and all other careerists (partners in large firms, employees, and freelancers) are at or near the percentage for the sample as a whole. Hobbyists/students are only 49.8% satisfied.

Satisfaction by organization size

Self-employed / freelance

70.6%

15.7%

13.7%

2-5 employees

76.4%

10.8%

12.8%

6-10 employees

73.6%

12.1%

14.3%

11-25 employees

72.8%

12.2%

15.0%

26-50 employees

71.9%

13.2%

14.8%

51-300 employees

72.1%

11.8%

16.1%

301-750 employees

71.2%

11.7%

17.2%

751-3000 employees

72.5%

10.9%

16.6%

More than 3000 employees

70.1%

12.0%

17.9%

Overall

72.3%

12.7%

15.1%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Although the satisfaction of respondents in companies of all sizes is at or near the average for the sample as a whole, the highest levels of satisfaction are for respondents in companies with 2-5 employees or 6-10 employees.

Satisfaction by job title

Creative Director

77.5%

10.4%

12.1%

Usability Expert/Consultant/Lead

76.9%

9.4%

13.6%

Accessibility Expert/Consultant/Lead

76.5%

11.8%

11.8%

Web Director

76.0%

8.7%

15.3%

Interface Designer, UI Designer

75.4%

12.4%

12.1%

Marketer

74.3%

13.2%

12.5%

Educator

74.1%

14.4%

11.5%

Information Architect

73.6%

12.2%

14.2%

Developer

72.4%

13.5%

14.1%

Other

71.6%

12.0%

16.4%

Project Manager

69.9%

14.8%

15.3%

Art Director

68.8%

14.9%

16.3%

Web Producer

68.7%

14.9%

16.4%

Web Designer

66.8%

16.5%

16.7%

Designer

66.7%

16.4%

16.9%

Writer, Editor

66.6%

15.1%

18.3%

Webmaster, Web Master

61.9%

20.4%

17.6%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.4%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The job titles for which job satisfaction is over 75% are: Accessibility Expert, Creative Director, Interface Designer, Usability Expert, and Web Director. This seems to be either people with higher levels of authority (the director positions), or people whose work reflects the leading edge of the field. The only job title with satisfaction under 65% is Webmaster (61.9%).

Satisfaction by longevity in the field

Less than a year

73.2%

13.7%

13.1%

1 year

70.6%

14.5%

14.9%

2 years

70.4%

14.8%

14.9%

3 years

69.8%

13.3%

16.9%

4 years

70.2%

14.9%

14.9%

5 years

72.5%

12.9%

14.6%

6 years

71.6%

13.3%

15.1%

7 years

69.8%

14.7%

15.5%

8 years

71.6%

13.2%

15.2%

9 years

74.6%

11.0%

14.5%

10 years (or more)

72.8%

11.4%

15.7%

Overall

71.5%

13.2%

15.2%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

For all levels of longevity in the web design field, the percent satisfaction is at or near that of the sample as a whole, ranging from a high of 74.6% for people with nine years in the field to a low of 69.8% for those with three years in the field. Interestingly, the second highest percent satisfied is for people with less than a year in the field (73.2%), perhaps reflecting their excitement about entering the field.

Satisfaction by longevity in present job

Less than a year

79.3%

9.2%

11.5%

1 year

71.6%

12.0%

16.3%

2 years

70.9%

11.9%

17.2%

3 years

69.4%

13.6%

16.9%

4 years

68.5%

12.9%

18.6%

5 years

67.7%

15.4%

16.8%

6 years

66.4%

14.3%

19.3%

7 years

67.9%

11.0%

21.0%

8 years

66.8%

14.5%

18.7%

9 years

66.7%

8.5%

24.8%

10 years (or more)

69.9%

12.1%

18.0%

Overall

72.4%

11.7%

15.9%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The subgroup with the highest percent satisfaction is those with less than a year in their current job (79.3%), again aligning satisfaction with newness. The percentage satisfied then decreases with each year in the job, but takes a slight upward turn for people in their jobs 10 years or more.

Satisfaction by years of freelancing

Less than a year

67.6%

18.2%

14.1%

1 year

72.1%

15.2%

12.7%

2 years

70.5%

15.5%

14.1%

3 years

70.2%

17.0%

12.9%

4 years

67.7%

17.5%

14.7%

5 years

67.3%

20.3%

12.4%

6 years

72.2%

15.8%

12.0%

7 years

67.8%

17.2%

15.0%

8 years

72.7%

13.2%

14.1%

9 years

72.1%

16.9%

11.0%

10 years (or more)

67.5%

16.6%

15.8%

Overall

69.4%

16.8%

13.8%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

For all levels of longevity as a freelancer, the percent satisfaction is at or near that of the sample as a whole, ranging from a high of 72.7% for people working independently for eight years to a low of 67.3% for those working independently for five years.

Satisfaction by previous job situation

Web design/development was my first professional job

71.6%

13.7%

14.6%

Background in IT/technology

70.9%

14.0%

15.1%

Background in print design/advertising/art direction, etc.

70.1%

13.4%

16.6%

Before the web, my work was non-technical

69.7%

14.1%

16.2%

Overall

70.7%

13.8%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Although all categories of previous work experience are at or near the percent for the sample as a whole, the lowest percent satisfaction is for the respondents from non-technical backgrounds (69.7%) and the highest is for the respondents for whom web design was their first profession (71.6%).

Satisfaction by degree of web work

All or nearly all of my work is web-related

74.2%

11.5%

14.4%

Most of my work is web-related

70.2%

14.8%

15.1%

About half my work is web-related

66.1%

17.5%

16.4%

Around a quarter of my work is web-related

61.0%

19.4%

19.6%

Web-related work is a small part of what I do

55.1%

22.0%

22.9%

I don’t do any web-related work

39.7%

33.0%

27.4%

Overall

70.7%

13.9%

15.4%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The percent satisfaction increases significantly with the proportion of the respondents’ work responsibilities related to the web.

Satisfaction by salary range

Less than $10,000

57.0%

24.4%

18.5%

$10,000-$19,999

67.0%

16.0%

17.0%

$20,000-$39,999

69.1%

13.4%

17.5%

$40,000-$59,999

72.4%

12.0%

15.5%

$60,000-$79,999

74.7%

11.4%

13.9%

$80,000-$99,999

75.3%

11.4%

13.4%

$100,000-$119,999

78.4%

10.0%

11.6%

$120,000-$149,999

78.1%

10.0%

11.9%

More than $150,000

86.3%

6.2%

7.4%

Overall

70.7%

13.8%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The percent satisfaction rises with income, from a low of 57% for those making less than $10,000 to a high of 86.3% for those making more than $150,000. Further, 64.5% of those making under $40,000 are satisfied, as compared to 80.0% of those making over $100,000.

Satisfaction by amount of last raise

My salary decreased

56.4%

13.1%

30.5%

1-5%

66.8%

13.0%

20.2%

6-10%

75.2%

10.3%

14.5%

11-15%

76.7%

10.6%

12.7%

16-20%

73.2%

12.5%

14.3%

21-25%

76.4%

11.6%

12.0%

26-50%

76.4%

11.9%

11.7%

51-95%

77.7%

12.2%

10.1%

More than 95%

85.1%

10.1%

4.7%

Overall

71.5%

11.9%

16.6%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The groups of respondents with higher percentages of satisfaction are those whose last raise was 6% or higher. But it is not true across the board that the higher the last raise, the higher the percent satisfaction.

Satisfaction by time since last raise

0-3 months ago

76.4%

10.8%

12.8%

3-6 months ago

71.3%

12.5%

16.3%

6-9 months ago

70.9%

12.2%

16.9%

9-12 months ago

70.3%

12.3%

17.4%

1 year ago

66.5%

13.2%

20.4%

2 years ago

59.1%

15.0%

25.9%

3 years ago

56.9%

12.3%

30.8%

4 years ago

51.2%

11.6%

37.2%

5 or more years ago

46.0%

20.6%

33.3%

Overall

71.3%

12.1%

16.6%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The percent satisfaction is higher the more recent the raise, from a high of 76.4% if the raise was in the last three months, to a low of 46.0% if there was no raise in the last five years. The frequency of raises seems to correlate more to job satisfaction than does the size of the raise.

Satisfaction by business prospects (organizational employees)

Doing well.

83.0%

7.9%

9.2%

Doing about the same as usual.

66.6%

15.4%

18.0%

Not doing quite as well as we would like.

60.1%

15.7%

24.2%

Closing our doors for good.

44.4%

19.4%

36.1%

In a slump.

40.9%

20.7%

38.4%

In trouble.

31.2%

12.7%

56.1%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

The better the perceived prospects of the company, the higher the percentage satisfaction, with one noteworthy departure. The percent satisfaction for respondents at companies that were closing is higher than those who characterize their company as “in trouble.”

Satisfaction by business prospects (freelancers)

Business is really good.

88.8%

7.1%

4.1%

Business couldn’t possibly be any better.

85.0%

9.8%

5.2%

Business is all right, but there’s room for improvement.

67.1%

21.2%

11.7%

Business is poor.

31.2%

29.3%

39.5%

Thinking of finding a job working for someone else.

19.3%

19.5%

61.2%

Business couldn’t be any worse.

16.8%

23.0%

60.2%

Overall

67.6%

18.0%

14.4%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Business prospects for freelancers appear to align closely with satisfaction. There are three possible responses that indicate a freelancer thinks their business prospects are poor or worse. Among the respondents who so indicated, the percent satisfied is 26.5%. By contrast, for respondents who indicated business is either “really good” or “couldn’t be any better,” the percent satisfaction is 88.3%.

Satisfaction by professional excitement level

Yes - very frequently

78.5%

9.1%

12.4%

Yes - frequently

72.9%

13.8%

13.3%

Yes - once in a while

55.1%

21.4%

23.5%

Don’t know

53.2%

23.6%

23.2%

No

36.6%

23.9%

39.5%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Job satisfaction rises when respondents are more excited by the web design field, from a low of 36.6% satisfaction for respondents who don’t find the field exciting, to 78.5% satisfaction for respondents who find the field exciting “very frequently.”

Satisfaction by next career move

Stay where I am

87.9%

7.9%

4.2%

Get a promotion at my current job

86.9%

7.5%

5.7%

Start pitching a better class of client

80.0%

11.1%

8.9%

Begin (or expand) my professional writing or speaking

78.8%

11.3%

9.9%

Attend a conference/take classes/other educational activity

76.7%

11.1%

12.2%

Learn a new skill

74.6%

14.8%

10.6%

Find a partner whose skills complement mine

72.2%

13.1%

14.7%

Other

67.3%

15.2%

17.6%

Start my own business

62.8%

17.7%

19.5%

Change my area of specialization

60.0%

18.6%

21.4%

Get my first job in the field

45.7%

29.5%

24.8%

New job in a new organization

44.8%

19.5%

35.6%

Leave the profession

39.5%

20.7%

39.8%

Overall

70.6%

13.9%

15.5%

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied

Not surprisingly, the respondents who are less satisfied are those who are seeking to change jobs, or even change fields. Respondents who are either going to start pitching new clients or who will begin or expand their professional writing and speaking are more satisfied than the sample as a whole. The subgroups with the highest percent satisfaction are those that indicated their next career move is either “stay where I am” or “get a promotion at my current job.”